“You gain strength, courage, and confidence by every experience in which you really stop to look fear in the face.”
— Eleanor RooseveltFAQs : Cancer
What is cancer?
Cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body. Cancer develops when the body’s normal control mechanism stops working. Old cells do not die and instead grow out of control, forming new, abnormal cells. These extra cells may form a mass of tissue, called a tumor. Some cancers, such as leukemia, do not form tumors.
What causes cancer?
Some cancers are caused by the things people do or expose themselves to. For instance, tobacco usage can cause cancer of the lungs, mouth, throat, bladder, kidneys, and many other organs. Not everyone who uses tobacco will get cancer, but it can increase the risk. It can also increase the chances of developing heart and blood vessel disease.Too much sun exposure without sun protection can cause skin cancer called melanoma. Melanoma is a very serious form of skin cancer. It’s linked to UV lighting from the sun and tanning beds.
Other things people are exposed to
Radiation can cause cancer. For example, people who are exposed to nuclear fallout have a higher cancer risk than those who aren’t. Sometimes, radiation treatment for one type of cancer can cause another cancer to grow many years later. This is why doctors and dentists use the lowest possible doses of radiation for x-rays and scans (much lower than the doses used for cancer treatment).There are certain chemicals that have been linked to cancer. Being exposed to or working with these chemicals can increase a person’s risk of cancer.It’s a known myth that injuries can cause cancer.
Note: falls, bruises, broken bones, or other such injuries have not been linked to cancer. Rarely, a burn scar can be cancer, many years after the burn has healed. Most often, skin cancer is the type that starts in a burn scar.
Who can get cancer?
Over 1.5 million new cancer cases are diagnosed every year. Anyone can get cancer and at any age, but the risk goes up age. Nine out of ten individuals who are 50 years old and older are diagnosed with cancer. Cancer can be found in all people, regardless of race and ethnicity, but the rate of cancer occurrence (incidence rate) varies from group to group.
The five main categories of cancer.
- Carcinomas begin in the skin or tissues that line the internal organs.
- Sarcomas develop in the bone, cartilage, fat, muscle or other connective tissues.
- Leukemia begins in the blood and bone marrow.
- Lymphomas start in the immune system.
- Central nervous system cancers develop in the brain and spinal cord.
Over 1.5 million new cancer cases are diagnosed every year. Anyone can get cancer and at any age, but the risk goes up age. Nine out of ten individuals who are 50 years old and older are diagnosed with cancer. Cancer can be found in all people, regardless of race and ethnicity, but the rate of cancer occurrence (incidence rate) varies from group to group.
The three main types of treatments
- Surgery: directly removing the tumor
- Chemotherapy: using chemicals to kill cancer cells
- Radiation therapy: using X-rays to kill cancer cells
The same cancer type in one individual is very different from that cancer in another individual. Within a single type of cancer, such as breast cancer, researchers are discovering subtypes that each requires a different treatment approach.
Can cancer be prevented?
There’s no sure way to prevent cancer, but there are things you can do to help reduce your chances of getting it. Minimizing your intake of tobacco, alcohol, ultraviolet (UV) rays, and sunlight and eating a healthy diet.
Vaccines that help reduce cancer risk
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). It’s been linked to cervical cancer, anal cancer, many genital cancers, and even head and neck cancers. There are vaccines to help prevent HPV infections. But most adults have already been infected with HPV, and the vaccines haven’t been proven to help people who already have HPV. Young people who are not yet sexually active should have a lower future cancer risk if they get one of the vaccines before they’re exposed to the virus. The American Cancer Society recommends the vaccines for girls and boys aged 11 and 12, though they can be given as young as age 9. Vaccination is also recommended up to age 26 in women, as well as in certain men who may be at higher risk for HPV infection.
What services does El Portal Comprehensive Cancer Centers provide?
El Portal Comprehensive Cancer Centers provides a range of oncology and hematology services for patients in Merced, Madera, and the Central Valley. Services include medical oncology, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, brachytherapy, hormone therapy, infusion therapy, diagnostic imaging, PET/CT scans, CT scans, supportive care, second opinion support, financial counseling, caregiver resources, survivorship resources, and care for blood disorders.
What types of cancer and blood disorders do you treat?
The center treats many common cancers and also provides care for blood cancers and non-cancerous blood disorders. Care may include support for conditions such as breast, lung, prostate, skin, colon and rectal cancers, along with leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, anemia, bleeding disorders, blood clotting disorders, and myelodysplastic syndromes. If you have a specific diagnosis, it is best to contact the office for more information.
Do you offer second opinions for cancer care?
Yes, second opinion support is available for patients who want more clarity about a diagnosis, treatment recommendation, or next step in care. Many people look for a second opinion before starting treatment or when facing an important decision. If you would like another review of your case, contacting the center can help you understand what records, scans, or reports may be needed before your visit.
What should I expect at my first appointment?
A first appointment is usually the time to review your diagnosis, discuss treatment options, share your health history, and ask questions. Many patients also bring a family member or caregiver for support. Patient forms may be available in advance to help you prepare before arriving. If you are unsure what to bring or how to get ready for your visit, contacting the office ahead of time can be helpful.
Can I get imaging services such as CT scans or PET/CT scans?
Yes, diagnostic imaging is part of the available services. CT scans and PET/CT scans may be used during diagnosis, treatment planning, or follow-up care. These services can help doctors better understand how cancer is being evaluated or monitored over time. If imaging is part of your care plan, you can contact the office to learn what may be needed before scheduling and how the process works.
Is supportive care available during treatment?
Yes, supportive care is available to help patients manage the challenges that can come with cancer treatment. This may include support for symptoms, side effects, emotional well-being, and practical concerns during care. For many patients and families, this type of support is an important part of the treatment experience. If you want to understand what supportive care may include for your situation, contacting the care team is a good next step.
What support is available for family members and caregivers during treatment?
Caregiver resources are available as part of the patient support services. Cancer care often affects the whole family, so caregivers may also need information, guidance, and practical support. Help may include resources related to family life after cancer, mental health, and managing side effects. If you are caring for a loved one and want to learn more about available support, reaching out to the team can help you better understand your options.
Do you offer financial counseling or help with insurance questions?
Yes, financial counseling and insurance-related support are available as part of the patient resources. This can be helpful for patients who want to better understand treatment-related costs, coverage questions, or financial planning during care. Since insurance details can vary from one person to another, it is a good idea to contact the office directly with your specific questions so you can receive guidance based on your situation.
How do you support patients throughout their treatment journey?
Patients receive ongoing support throughout different stages of care. This may include education about a diagnosis, help with understanding treatment plans, assistance with managing side effects, and access to supportive services. Clear communication and coordinated care can make the treatment process feel more manageable for patients and families. If you have questions during treatment, contacting the team can help you get the information and support you need.
Where is your cancer treatment centers located?
The center serves patients in Merced and Madera, making it a local option for cancer treatment and hematology care in the Central Valley. Having more than one location can make it easier for patients and families to access care closer to home. If you want help choosing the most convenient location or need directions before your appointment, contacting the office is the best next step.
Do you offer support after active cancer treatment ends?
Yes, survivorship resources are available for people moving beyond active treatment. These resources may help with topics such as family life after cancer, returning to work, managing side effects, mental health, and nutrition and exercise. This kind of support can be valuable for patients adjusting to life after treatment. If you are looking for follow-up guidance, the care team can help you understand what resources may fit your needs.
